When it comes to the famous viola works, Hindemith definitely occupies a very important position. As one of the important composers of the 20th century, each of his works retains a large number of dissonant harmonic characteristics of the 20th century. At the same time, under various difficult techniques, it still retains many beautiful melodies.

This article discusses Hindemith's first viola work "Sonata for Viola and Piano, Op.11, No.4", and divides this article into five chapters. The first chapter is an introduction, confirming the motivation and purpose of the research, and practicing the research method and scope; The second chapter is an introduction to the composer's life, the first section discusses the composer's growth background and work , the second section understands the composer's three style of the composition period, the third section searches for the creation background of this piece and all the viola pieces composed by the composer; The third chapter is the analysis of the music, analyzing the form and variation techniques of the three movements; The fourth chapter is the interpretation of the music, analyzing the performance techniques for each movement, including fingering positions, vibrato, bowing, bow speed, bow pressure, etc. The fifth chapter is the conclusion. By understanding the life of Hindemith, as well as the actual analysis of the music and the discussion of performance interpretation, we can have a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of this important viola work.