Education is the foundation of a nation. Modern elementary education in Taiwan started from Japanese colonial period. Elementary education takes place during the period when children are growing, so it has a great influence on the development of children’s personality, and links with their daily life tightly. During the period when Taiwan was the colony of Japan, Japanese government set different school system for each level to implement its colonial policy and meanwhile to fulfill the purpose of teaching Taiwanese people. This research focuses on singing and marching games of female gymnastic curriculum in common schools where most Taiwanese students went for their elementary education. I use historical research method to realize physical rhythm and dance education in gymnastic curriculum in Japanese colonial period, including school education content and goal, the situation of students’ learning, campus activities, and the effect of cultivating aesthetics and physical potency and the cultural meaning from the curriculum. As for collecting references, many kinds of Chinese and Japanese references and field research in oral history are included. Any related papers about common schools in Japanese colonial period in the past mostly tended to focus on the research of all subjects, especially on moral curriculum, Japanese textbooks, educational systems or instructors etc. There was a paper that studied the gymnastic curriculum which aimed at how to control bodies and create healthy bodies to be devoted to Mikado. Relatively, the papers that do deep research on dance education in gymnastic curriculum in common schools greatly lack. I found out the lack and neglect of the Taiwanese dance history during the Japanese colonial period, and hoped that I could make use of my Japanese-majored specialty to read relevant Japanese references to bring up a deeper research paper on dance education in gymnastic curriculum of common schools in elementary school system in the period.
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