Ludwig von Beethoven（1770-1827）is a great composer in the history of western music. His compositions are as legendary as his life and are rich in layers as well as emotional tension. His thirty two piano sonatas and nine symphonies are the most influential among his compositions. Additionally, piano sonata Op. 13 “Pathetique” is the most important among his early works.

This essay is an analysis and interpretation on Piano Sonata Op. 13 “Pathetique.” Chapter one is Introduction, which includes research motive, method and literature investigation. Chapter two explores the life of Beethoven as well as the relationship between his compositions and the development of keyboard instruments. Chapter three is Stages of Beethoven’s Piano Sonatas and Early Characteristics, which divides Beethoven’s piano sonatas into stages, and investigates the unique characteristics of his early piano sonatas. Chapter four is Analysis and Interpretation, which is a deep investigation of harmony, form of music and interpretation of each movement, while comparing different versions when necessary. Chapter five is Conclusion, which is an overall summary of this composition as well as Beethoven’s early composition style.