Prokofiev is regarded as one of the significant composers of Neoclassicism in 20th century. A concept of his compositions is to combine a previous and new musical element.

This thesis contains five chapters; the first chapter is an introduction, which is to elaborate a motivation and need of the research; the second chapter is a biography of Prokofiev; the third chapter is a composing style that introduces his characteristic style of works and five composing elements; the fourth chapter is a musical analysis of Piano Sonata Op. 83 by Prokofiev and to study its characteristics and techniques; the fifth chapter is a musical analysis and interpretation of this work. In a result of the fourth chapter is to assist the method of interpretation and the performing thoughts from the writer; the sixth chapter is a conclusion, which is to generalize and summarize the essential thoughts from above chapters.