This study focuses on Sheng-Tong Tsai's solo instrumental work, Capriccio for Trombone and Piano, from his series of capriccio works. The entire length is about nine minutes and thirty seconds. The style that fuses the color of oriental folk tunes plus the etude-like flavor is exclusive. The technique of the work contains a lot of continuous larger intervals, wide range, cadenza and so on. It leaves trombone performers a spacious option for the interpretation, and it is a challenging work. The author aims to provide certain performance interpretation by analyzing its musical structure, material selection, the setting of thematic motif, and particular performance techniques. The main context emphasizes the composer's biography, a brief guide of the music form, music analysis, and interpretative suggestions. Based on the above viewpoint and statement, the author presents a personal observation as conclusion in the end.